Which of the following refers to arguments that contradict the original claim?

The term that refers to arguments that contradict the original claim is counterargument. A counterargument presents a viewpoint that challenges or disputes the initial position taken by an argument. It serves as a way to address and refute opposing perspectives, effectively fostering a more comprehensive discussion on a particular issue. By acknowledging and responding to potential objections, the strength and validity of the original claim can be better assessed.

In the context of persuasive writing or debates, using counterarguments helps to anticipate objections from opponents, demonstrating a thorough understanding of the topic. This enhances the credibility of the original argument by showing that the writer or speaker has considered multiple viewpoints. Understanding this concept is crucial for critical thinking and effective communication.